Abstract

BARALLE, Francisco Ernesto  and  MAMMARELLA, Carlos Alberto. Visión general y perspectivas futuras del estudio de las variaciones epigenéticas. Acta bioquím. clín. latinoam. [online]. 2022, vol.56, n.4, pp.396-406. ISSN 0325-2957.

In the organism, epigenetic changes play an important role in the control of gene expression, during its development and throughout life, especially during ageing. In recent years, evidence has accumulated that supports the participation of epigenetic processes in the development and evolution of various diseases such as tumor processes, genetic, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, epigenetic markers (DNA methylation, histone modifications and non-coding RNAs) could indicate the predisposition to certain pathological processes. The administration of epigenetic drugs has proven to be efficient in the treatment of diseases such as atherosclerosis, neoplasms, neurodegenerative processes, liver diseases, etc. In this article we will address some examples of the contribution that epigenetic modifications give to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases. In the future, clinical biochemistry will be frequently used in epigenetic analyzes and will help design drugs and therapeutic strategies aimed to modify the epigenome.

Keywords : Epigenetic markers; Aging; Atherosclerosis; Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; Alzheimer; Parkinson; Epigenetic drugs.

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