Abstract

BURGOS, LUCRECIA M. et al. Acute Coronary Syndrome in Young Women due to Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection. Rev. argent. cardiol. [online]. 2018, vol.86, n.5, pp.68-70. ISSN 1850-3748.

Background: Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is a rare cause of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Its prevalence is higher in young women, but its clinical characteristics and outcome remain insufficiently studied.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the baseline characteristics and outcome of SCAD compared with atheroscle-rotic acute coronary syndrome (AACS) in young women.

Methods: This prospective cohort study compared women <60 years admitted with ACS due to SCAD with another cohort with AACS, between 2015 and 2017.

Results: A total of 49 patients were included, 7 of which (14.29%) presented SCAD. Median follow-up was 10 months (25-75 IQR: 2-18). Median age was 44 years (25-75 IQR: 38-45) in the SCAD group and 55 years (25-75 IQR: 40-58) in the AACS group (p=0.002), with greater prevalence of hypertension and dyslipidemia (69% vs. 14.3%, p=0.006 and 71% vs. 14% p=0.004, respectively). Episodes of acute stress (57.1% vs. 4.8%, p=0.001) and use of ergotamine (28.6% vs. 0%, p=0.0001) were more common in the SCAD group, and ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction was the most frequent presentation (71.4% vs. 28.6%; p=0.02). The primary endpoint occurred in 3 patients (42.9%) of the SCAD group and was less frequent in the AACS group (9.5%, p=0.02). During follow-up, 14.9% of patients in the SCAD group and 14.8% in the AACS group presented the secondary endpoint (p=0.9).

Conclusions: Women with SCAD had lower prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and presented ACS with worse hemody-namic impact and more complications. The long-term outcome did not show significant differences.

Keywords : Myocardial infarction - Acute Coronary Syndrome - Coronary artery disease.

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