Resumen

DUVAL, Matias Ezequiel; DE SA PEREIRA, Eduardo; IGLESIAS, Julio Osvaldo  y  GALANTINI, Juan Alberto. Efecto de uso y manejo del suelo sobre las fracciones de carbono orgánico en un argiudol. Cienc. suelo [online]. 2014, vol.32, n.1, pp.105-115. ISSN 1850-2067.

Management practices and land use changes influence carbon inputs and soil organic carbon (OC) dynamics. Short-term changes on total OC (TOC) caused both by management practices or land use are reflected on the most sensitive OC fractions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of different management practices on OC fractions. Six management practices were analyzed: two monocultures (M), two rotations (R), an alfalfa pasture (P) and a native prairie (AN). For each situation, three composite samples were taken at 0-5, 5-10 and 10-20 cm depths, and analyzed for TOC, coarse particulate OC (POCc, 105-2000 μm), fine particulate OC (POCf, 53-105 μm) and mineral-associated OC (MOC, 0-53 μm), total nitrogen (Nt), extractable phosphorus (Pe) and total phosphorus (Pt). On average, soils under agricultural land use had, 29, 19 and 15% less TOC in the 0-5, 5-10 and 10-20 cm depths, respectively, compared with soils under AN. Under monoculture, these losses reached 35, 23 y 17%, respectively. The different organic fractions were significantly lower under agricultural use; sensitivity to undergo decreases in values followed the order POCg>POCf>MOC. The differences among treatments for POCc were similar to those observed for COT, but the latter were smaller. POCf was the fraction that showed the greatest differences between monoculture and rotation systems, showing a decrease of 28% in monoculture compared with rotation. Organic fractions of intermediate lability, such as POCf, can be used as sensitive indicators to differentiate agricultural management without being greatly influenced by temporal and meteorological variability.

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