Resumen

ALEJANDRE ROSAS, JA; GALINDO TOVAR, ME; LEE ESPINOSA, HE  y  ALVARADO GOMEZ, OG. Genetic variability in 22 sugarcane hybrid varieties (Saccharum spp. Hybrid). Phyton (B. Aires) [online]. 2010, vol.79, n.1, pp.87-94. ISSN 1851-5657.

Development of new sugarcane varieties allows to increase sucrose production and faces challenges as new pests and diseases, and soil fertility losses. The objective of this study was to contribute to expand molecular tools in selecting useful progenitors for hybridization programs. With this purpose, 14 RAPDs primers were pre-screened, and four of them which produced clearly resolved, reproducible and polymorphic fragment patterns were selected for genetic analysis of 22 sugarcane variety hybrids. These were used in the Estación de Hibridación at Tapachula, Chiapas, as progenitors in genetic improvement programs. Genetic distance analysis showed three main clusters. The first cluster contained sugarcane varieties from México and Hawaii. The second cluster included varieties from Barbados, Cuba and India, and the third cluster was the most diverse, with varieties from Mexico, Cuba, Java and Brazil; this suggests a common origin and a high hybridization degree. Cluster grouping was not related to agronomic characteristics, origin or geographic distribution. It is suggested that B 35187, POJ 2878 y Mex 68-P23 could be used as candidates for hybridization. This is because they are the most distant progenitors.

Palabras clave : Molecular markers; RAPDs; Sugarcane; Selection; Genetic improvement.

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