Resumen

ANCHUELA OCANA, José J; SIEGER, Tina C; MARTINEZ, Gonzalo M  y  ZORZO GODES, Carlos. Ligamentoplastia del ligamento cruzado anterior monotúnel transtibial y bitúnel anatómica: estudio comparativo. Rev. Asoc. Argent. Ortop. Traumatol. [online]. 2019, vol.84, n.4, pp.361-371. ISSN 1852-7434.

Objective: To compare two series of patients who underwent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using hamstring tendon autografts, identical bone fixations, and one of the two standard surgical approaches: transtibial single-tunnel and anatomical double-tunnel technique. To draw conclusions regarding functional outcomes. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study consisting in two series of 30 patients, followed up for more than a year, who had undergone an anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with hamstring tendon graft placement using the transtibial single-tunnel or the anatomical double-tunnel technique. The latter employed retrograde tunneling, as well as an adjustable cortical fixation for the femur and a retrograde screw fixation for the tibia. Patients were assessed using the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) Questionnaire, the Lachman Test, the Lateral Pivot-Shift Test and the Single Leg Hop Test with the aim of determining if they were ready to return to their previous daily and sports activities. Radiological examination of the bone tunnels was also performed to assess progress. Results: The anatomical double-tunnel technique yields significantly (p <0.05) better results on the IKDC Questionnaire, the Lateral Pivot- Shift Test and the Hop Test and allows patients to resume sports activities in a shorter time. The Lachman Test showed similar results with both techniques. There were no cases of tunnel osteolysis in either of the two series. Conclusions: The anatomical double-tunnel ligament reconstruction technique was better rated by patients and more efficient than the transtibial single-tunnel technique, especially in patients who engage in demanding sports activities. In patients who do not practice high-impact activities, results were equally satisfactory. The tibial retrograde screw fixation did not result in significant tunnel osteolysis.

Palabras clave : Anterior cruciate ligament; Ligament reconstruction; Double-tunnel technique; Anatomical; Retrograde screw; Comparative study.

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