Resumo

SALVALAGGIO, Andrea E.; BRUNO, C.; HUARTE, M.A.  e  LOPEZ LAMBERTINI, P.M.. Situación de las virosis del cultivo de papa en el Sudeste Bonaerense. RIA. Rev. investig. agropecu. [online]. 2022, vol.48, n.1, pp.53-63.  Epub 06-Abr-2022. ISSN 1669-2314.

The main potato producing area of Argentina is located in the southeast of Buenos Aires province. Potato is cropped for three purposes: fresh market, and industry and seed production; the latter is performed in a differentiated area. Potato crop is established through vegetative propagation; consequently, infected tubers become a route of virus transmission. The objective of this work was to determine the incidence of Potato virus Y (PVY), Potato leaf roll virus (PLRV), Potato virus X (PVX) and Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), and the occurrence of mixed infections among these viruses in areas of potato production for fresh market, industry, and potato-seed of the southeast of Buenos Aires between the 2013-2014 and the 2018-2019 crop seasons. Another objective was to analyze the progress of the infection levels of these viruses and the trend of the potato-seed categories regulated by the “Instituto Nacional de Semillas” (INASE), produced in the differentiated area in the last 35 years. Data were collected from potato tubers corresponding to 107 plots destined for fresh market and industry, following sampling protocols, and from 41 potato-seed plots, which were randomly sampled by official INASE technicians for their control. These tubers were then sprouted and analyzed by DAS-ELISA for the detection of PVY, PLRV, PVX and TSWV. The incidence of each virus, relative incidence between them and frequencies of single and mixed infections were estimated for both categories and each season. Infection level of PVY, PLRV, PVX and TSWV of the differentiated potato-seed production area was analyzed. PVY was the virus with the highest incidence, whereas PLRV and TSWV had the lowest incidence in the production for fresh market, industry and potato-seed categories. Incidence values of PVY, PLRV and TSWV fluctuated among years in both categories. PVY, PLRV and TSWV mixed infection percentages were low, with double infections being more frequent than triple ones for both categories. TSWV co-infecting with PVY or PLRV were the most frequent mixed infections. This is the first report of mixed infections between PVY, PLRV and TSWV in potato in Argentina. The infection level for PVY, PLRV, PVX and TSWV decreased in the potato-seed differentiated area throughout the seasons. At the same time, there was an improvement in the trend of potato-seed certification categories regulated by INASE for all viruses in the last 35 years. Currently, the potato-seed category is at Initial III infection level for PVY and Initial I for PLRV, PVX and TSWV. PVX has not been detected since 2010 in potato seeds. It should be noted that the integrated action of public and private organizations and producers that adopted the protocol of the Provincial Potato Board made this differentiated area of the southeast of Buenos Aries stand out for its sanitary excellence. In the region where potato is produced for the fresh market and industry, PVY and TSWV control measures should be strengthened.

Palavras-chave : Solanum tuberosum; DAS-ELISA; PVY; TSWV; PLRV; PVX; virus; incidence; mixed infections; potato seed certification.

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