Resumo

COULLERI, Juan Pablo  e  FERRUCCI, María Silvia. Biogeografía histórica de Cardiospermum y Urvillea (Sapindaceae) en América: Paralelismos geográficos e históricos con los Bosques secos estacionales neotropicales. Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot. [online]. 2012, vol.47, n.1-2, pp.103-117. ISSN 1851-2372.

Historical biogeography of Cardiospermum and Urvillea (Sapindaceae) in America: Geographic and historical parallelism with the Neotropical seasonally dry forest. The genera Cardiospermum and Urvillea (Paullinieae) are widely distributed in the Americas, from central United States to central Argentina. The fossil records from the late Eocene of North America to the Pliocene of South America record an early distribution pattern of both genera during the Cenozoic Era. This study aimed to establish areas of endemism and distribution patterns of Cardiospermum and Urvillea by means of a grid-based parsimony analysis of endemicity (PAE) and a panbiogeographical analysis based in the algorithm proposed by Echeverry & Morrone (2010). The study area includes the Nearctic and Neotropical regions, the South American transition zone and the Mexican transition zone. We used the distribution information of Ferrucci´s (2000) taxonomic treatment and the herbarium specimens for 33 species of both genera. The PAE led us to detect and map six areas of endemism. The panbiogeographic results and the fossil records allowed us to relate these areas of endemism between them, showing that they match with the current geographical distribution of the Neotropical seasonally dry forests. These results reveal an early dispersal event and a posterior series of vicariant events linked with the expansion and reduction of the Neotropical seasonally dry forests, which could explain the current distribution patterns of Cardiospermum and Urvillea in the Americas.

Palavras-chave : Dispersal events; Fossil records; Neotropical region; Parsimony analysis of endemicity; Track analysis; Vicariant events.

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