Resumo

NIETO, María Isabel et al. The management of extensive livestock systems and its relationship with greenhouse gas emissions. Rev. Fac. Cienc. Agrar., Univ. Nac. Cuyo [online]. 2020, vol.52, n.2, pp.176-188. ISSN 1853-8665.

During food fermentation, the digestive system of bovines generates methane gas as agricultural waste. Considering this, this study intended to evaluate different relationships between production type and management technologies, with enteric methane and nitrous oxide emissions, from beef cattle systems in the southern region of the San Luis province. To achieve this objective, 30 semi-structured surveys were conducted with regional producers. The producers were generally characterized, and the emissions were estimated through the application of the IPCC Level 2 protocols. Then, considering various techniques for technology management and adoption, these emissions were analyzed and compared. The production systems resulted to be heterogeneous in area, number of cattle, rodeo management, livestock unit, production, and other aspects. The estimated emission values were also variable depending on the form of expression, the management strategy adopted, and the production system applied. From a reductionist perspective of the aspects that characterize the extensive livestock systems evaluated, greenhouse gases emission values (GHG) are relative to the interaction of some predictive variables with the key factors of the production system and management techniques applied. Thus, when considering the emissions per kg sold, cow-calf+backgrounding or backgrounding systems, are environmentally more friendly than those of cow-calf, being the bull category the most sensitive to gas emissions. However, moderate or very good management in the cow-calf systems, tend to reduce them. Since the characteristics of the systems are so diverse, even for the same region, a broader and more integrated view is proposed for the expression of emissions, given by the set of variables that reflect the integral behavior of the system.

Palavras-chave : Methane; Nitrous oxide; Cow-calf system; Backgrounding; Semi-arid.

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