Abstract

ZUANICH, Carolina et al. SARS-CoV-2 antibodies kinetics in hospitalized patients. Medicina (B. Aires) [online]. 2022, vol.82, n.1, pp.3-12. ISSN 0025-7680.

Specific antibodies are produced after infection by SARS-CoV2. Currently, the understanding of antibody responses following infection with SARS-CoV-2 is limited including the magnitude, duration of responses and correlates of protective immunity following infection. Here we intended to characterize humoral immune response in a cohort of 55 hospitalized patients for COVID-19 and its relationship with different demographic and clinical parameters. The ELFA assay VIDAS® SARS-Cov-2 (Biomerieux) measured IgG/IgM antibodies. Their concentration over time was evaluated with a fixed effects generalized linear model. All patients seroconverted IgM and IgG, at day 10 and 10.5 respectively, showing a majority synchronous pattern; IgM alone would not be useful as a marker of acute response. Clini cal sensitivity was: week 1, 30%, weeks 2 and 3, 72%, 4: 91% and 8: 96%. IgG seropositivity was sustained in patients up to 180 days (last time point measured), in contrast, IgM response was short-lived (91days) in 90.9% of patients. Longer term follow-up is needed to determine the duration of IgG responses. We observed a higher level of IgM in patients > 56 years, and in men compared to women. In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients, the IgM response is increased, while in immunocompromised and interstitial lung disease patients, IgM and IgG were lower, respectively. Those patients who required critical care, mechanical ventilation and those who died did not present significant differences in the magnitude of humoral response compared to those who had a less severe course. The methodology used adequately reflects the kinetics of antibodies.

Keywords : Antibodies; SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; Immunity; Kinetics.

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