Resumo

ORDEN, Alicia B. et al. Evaluación del estado nutricional en escolares de bajos recursos socioeconómicos en el contexto de la transición nutricional. Arch. argent. pediatr. [online]. 2005, vol.103, n.3, pp.205-211. ISSN 0325-0075.

Introduction. Developing countries are changing as a result of the economic, epidemiological, demographic and nutritional transitions. In some of them, nutritional transition presents the coexistence of undernutrition along with obesity. Objectives. To determine -by anthropometry- (a) the nutritional status and prevalences of undernutrition and overweight in a sample of low income schoolchildren and (b) such prevalences in the context of nutrition transition. Population, material and methods. A cross sectional study on 711 males and females aged 3-14 years old, attending to public schools of the city of Brandsen. Weight, height and subscapular and tricipital skinfold thicknesses were measured, and body mass and subscapular/tricipital indexes were calculated. Data were transformed to Z scores using the national reference. Z scores less than -2 were used as cut-off points to determine underweight for age, low height for age and low weight for height. Body mass index was used to define overweight/obesity according to the recommendations of the International Obesity Task Force. Results. While prevalences of overweight reached 17%, those of underweight, stunting and wasting were not higher than 3%. Overweighted children showed a significant increase of subcutaneous fat, although there was a greater tendency in subscapular skinfold, exposing them to a high risk of centralized adiposity. Conclusions. The low percentage of undernutrition in contrast to the high prevalence of overweight/ obesity would reflect what has been observed in other studies on Latin American transitional populations, where undernutrition is being replaced by obesity, particularly in the poorest segments of society.

Palavras-chave : Nutritional transition; Undernutrition; Overweight.

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