Resumen

TREGNAGHI, Miguel et al. Vigilancia epidemiológica activa de la enfermedad neumocócica en lactantes, en el ámbito ambulatorio y en la internación. Arch. argent. pediatr. [online]. 2006, vol.104, n.1, pp.3-9. ISSN 0325-0075.

Introduction. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of the invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae disease (ISPD) in Cordoba city, Argentina. This study was performed in hospitalized as well as out patients. Population, material and methods. The study was conducted between December 1999 and November 2002. Blood cultures were taken from every patient from 2 to 23 months of age who met the inclusion criteria: axilar fever ≥39 °C, pneumonia suspected clinically or any ISPD suspected. Patients who had fever lower than 39 °C with respiratory symptoms had a chest Xray; for those who presented with consolidated pneumonia, a blood culture was performed. Demographic and pathologic information, as well as the clinical outcome, were captured on special forms. Results. The overall incidence of ISPD was 206.8 10⁵/year, and it was higher in those patients between 6 and 17 months of age. Bacteriemia without focus and pneumonia were the most frequent presentations of ISPD, 47.5% (IC 95% 40.0-55.0) and 45.8% (IC 95% 38.4-53.4) respectively. These were followed by meningitis and abscess, 3.9% (IC 95% 1.7-8.2) and 2,8% (IC 95% 1.0-6.7), respectively. The most common serotype isolated was 14 (45.7%), followed by 6B (10.8%) and 1 (10.8%). Trought out surveillance strains susceptible to penicillin in 68% of isolation, 26% intermediate and 6% non-susceptible were found. Conclusions. The incidence of ISPD in Cordoba, Argentina, is relatively high compared to Latin America and Europe previous reports. This high incidence is partly due to the inclusion of ambulatory patients, who represent more than half of the Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated.

Palabras clave : Incidence; Invasive disease; Screening.

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