Resumo

COMMISSO, Rubén D et al. Bacteriología y sensibilidad antibiótica en otitis media aguda. Arch. argent. pediatr. [online]. 2006, vol.104, n.4, pp.333-337. ISSN 0325-0075.

Introduction. Acute otitis media is one of the most frequent diagnoses in children under two years old. Objectives. The aims of this study were: to identify the most common microorganisms that cause AOM and their antibiotic sensitivity, and evaluate the prevalence of pathogenic agents according to patients ages. Population, material and methods. This study was based on the analysis of 249 middle-ear samples obtained by tympanocentesis in 174 children with a diagnosis of acute otitis media who attended to the Pediatric Otolaryngology Department of the "Clínica Reina Fabiola" at the Catholic University of Córdoba, Argentina, between 2001-2004. The group of patients comprised 91 males and 83 females between 18 days and 24 months of age (average age: 9 months). These patients were divided into two other groups: 1) children under 6 months of age, and 2) children over 6 months of age. Results. Predominant agents were Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae. These results were similar to those found in previous publications. Haemophilus influenzae was predominant in children under 6 months and Streptococcus pneumoniae prevailed in older children. With regard to penicillin susceptibility pattern, Streptococcus pneumoniae had a response of 77.6% and Haemophilus influenzae, of 85.5%. The patterns of antibiotic sensitivity of the most frequent etiological agents were studied according to the principles of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Conclusion. A long-term longitudinal follow-up will allow us to detect the emergence of resistant strains and new etiological agents. By these means it will be possible to improve the therapeutic efficacy and reduce complications and costs of this frequent pathology.

Palavras-chave : Bacterial resistance; Tympanocentesis; Prevailing pathogens.

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