Resumen

LIERN, Miguel  y  DIEGUEZ, Stella M.. Bacteriuria asintomática: ¿debe tratarse con antibióticos?. Arch. argent. pediatr. [online]. 2006, vol.104, n.6, pp.506-511. ISSN 0325-0075.

Asymptomatic bacteriuria without antibiotic treatment may be considered a kind of natural prophylaxis. Objective. To estimate the incidence of urinary infection in children over two years of age with asymptomatic bacterium. Population, materials and methods. Through an observational, analytical and retrospective study we evaluated 54 patients over two years of age, without previous nephrourologic disorders who had presented one or more episodes of asymptomatic bacteriuria in the two last years and the cumulative incidence of urinary infection, typified pathogens, the mean time to the development of urinary infection and its association with antibiotic use were analyzed. Patients were divided in two groups: Group A (with antibiotic treatment) 35 patients, and group B (without antibiotic treatment) 19 patients. Study period: 24 months. Results. Group A: cumulative incidence of urinary infection was 26/35 patients (74%) with an average time of two months and twenty four days since the antibacterial treatment, according to the log-rank test 10.9 (p< 0.05); a relative risk 2.82, CI 95% (1.29- 6.14); risk attributed to exposure 64%, CI 95% (0, 22- 0-83) and the required number to damage, 2 patients; X² test: 11.58 (p< 0.05) 18/26 cases pathogens different from those identified in asymptomatic bacteriuria in urinary infections were isolated. Group B: cumulative incidence of urinary infection was of 5/19 patients (26%) with an average time of 5 months and 12 days since the detection of asymptomatic bacteriuria and in 4 of these children the bacteriae of the UI were different from the asymptomatic bacteriuria. Conclusion. Antibiotic use in asymptomatic bacteriuria predisposed to the development of urinary infections with new bacterial strains.

Palabras clave : Asymptomatic bacteriuria; Urinary infection; Antibiotics.

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