Resumen

KROCHIK, Andrea G. et al. Presence of early risk markers of metabolic syndrome in prepubertal children with a history of intrauterine growth restriction. Arch. argent. pediatr. [online]. 2010, vol.108, n.1, pp.10-16. ISSN 0325-0075.

Introduction. Studies on people with low birth weight found metabolic syndrome associated with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Objective. To study the presence of early risk markers of metabolic syndrome in a prepubertal population with IUGR. Design. We studied 45 prepubertal children with a history of IUGR, without apparent disease, and 47 children in a control group. BMI, weight, height, and BMI Z score, and body fat mass were calculated. Basal glycemia, insulin, proinsulin, cortisol, serum lipids and uric acid levels were analyzed. Insulin sensitivity was calculated by QUICKI and insulin resistance by HOMA-IR. Results. Basal insulin levels were higher in the IUGR group compared with the controls (6.6 μU/ml vs. 4.4 μU/ml; p= 0.008). Similar results were found for the basal cortisol levels (18.8 ug/dl vs. 13.1 ug/dl; p= 0.006) and uric acid (4.2 mg/dl vs. 2.7 mg/dl; p= 0.0008). QUICKI index was lower in the IUGR group (2.06 vs. 2.86, p= 0.001). The IUGR children who developed obesity presented higher levels of proinsulin (26.04 ug/dl vs. 13.3 ug/dl; p= 0.05), insulin (11 μU/ml vs. 5.5 μU/ml, p= 0.005), and HOMA-IR (2.06 vs. 0.9, p= 0.004), and lower QUICKI (1.71 vs. 2.16, p= 0.01) than in the case of the IUGR children with appropriate weight; these differences weren't observed among the control group. Conclusions. Children with IUGR, without apparent disease, showed metabolic changes that were expressed through risk markers of metabolic syndrome in childhood.

Palabras clave : Intrauterine growth restriction; Metabolic syndrome; Insulin resistance.

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