Abstract

MENENDEZ HERNANDO, Cristina et al. Severe neonatal anemia due to fetomaternal hemorrhage: an ilustrative case. Arch. argent. pediatr. [online]. 2019, vol.117, n.2, pp.e142-e146. ISSN 0325-0075.  http://dx.doi.org/10.5546/aap.2019.e142.

Fetomaternal transfusion (FMT) is defined by the transfer of fetal blood into the maternal circulation. The incidence of massive FMT is estimated to be approximately 0.2-0.9 % of births. Although a number of etiologies have been associated with FMT, most causes remain unidentified and the pregnancy is usually asymptomatic. The most frequent symptom is the decrease in fetal movements (26 %) in relation to severe anemia. Several diagnostic modalities for FMT are described (Kleihauer stain, flow cytometry). We describe a case of a newborn with chronic anemia secondary to FMT who, after treatment with transfusions of red blood cells, presented volume overload and clinical worsening as a complication. In this case, our patient needed exchange transfusion for definitive improvement without disability.

Keywords : Fetomaternal transfusion; Neonatal anemia; Kleihauer-Betke test; Exchange transfusion.

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