Resumen

ACOSTA GARCIA, Edgar et al. Cardiovascular risk factors, nutritional status on HOMA-IR, QUICKI and TG/c-HDL indexes in pubertal adolescents. Acta bioquím. clín. latinoam. [online]. 2013, vol.47, n.3. ISSN 0325-2957.

The coexistence or clustering of cardiovascular risk factors during adolescence is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in adulthood. The aim of the investigations was to evaluate the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and the effect of clustering of these factors and nutritional status on HOMA-IR, QUICKI and TG/c-HDL indexes, in pubertal adolescents from Carabobo State, Venezuela. A descriptive, correlational, and cross-sectional study was undertaken. It involved 147 adolescents aged 12 to 15 years. The nutritional status and sexual maturation stage of individuals was determined. The cardiovascular risk factors studied were: poor physical activity, smoking, waist circumference (>p90), systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure (>p90), impaired fasting glucose (IFG>100 mg/dL), triglycerides (>p90) and c-HDL (<40 mg/dL). HOMA-IR, QUICK and TG/c-HDL indexes were calculated. Associations between variables were evaluated using the Pearson correlation test and comparisons of means with the Student t test, Mann-Whitney U, ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test, while the comparison between proportions was evaluated with Z-score statistics (a=0.05). The following prevalences were found for the cardiovascular risk factors studied: Poor AF (63.3%), waist circumference> p90 (41.5%), HDL-C <40 mg/dL (40.3%), smoking (6.8%), TG>p90 (4.1%) and PA> p90 (2.9%). The number of cardiovascular risk factors correlated with insulin, HOMA-IR, QUICKI and TG/c-HDL (p<0.001). TG/c-HDL index correlated with HOMA-IR and QUICKI indexes (p<0.001). HOMA-IR and TG/c-HDL indexes were higher and the QUICKI index lower in overweight adolescents who presented three or more cardiovascular risk factors, compared to normal-weight adolescents with the same number of cardiovascular risk factors (p<0.05). Overweight and the clustering of cardiovascular risk factors determined an increase in HOMA-IR and TG/c-HDL indexes, and a decrease in the QUICKI index in the teenagers studied.

Palabras clave : cardiovascular risk factors; adolescents; pubescent.

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