Abstract

JOMNUK, Carina Grisela et al. Cupremia y colesterolemia como factores de riesgo en pacientes con enfermedad de AlzheimerPlasma levels of copper and cholesterol as risk factors in Alzheimer disease patients. Acta bioquím. clín. latinoam. [online]. 2018, vol.52, n.2, pp.151-183. ISSN 0325-2957.

Alzheimer disease (AD) patients (122) compared to control subjects (119) were studied to determine the role of chronic exposure of hypercholesterolemic plasma levels and free copper (not bound to ceruloplasmin) as biomarkers of progression for AD. Oxidative stress parameters, lipid profile, amyloid levels, and cognitive status were studied in all participants. Conclusions obtained indicated that patients exposed simultaneously to free copper and increased cholesterol levels present higher indicators of oxidative stress (protein carbonyls, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, decreased total antioxidant activity in plasma and elevated oxidized HDL-cholesterol). Lipoprotein "a" concentrations also correlated with the clinical progression of the disease. The ratio amyloid ß(1-40)/ß(1-42) in plasma inversely correlated with the cognitive performance estimated by the Mini-Mental State Examination Test (MMSE). A defined function that weighs the contribution of the deleterious effect produced by combined free copper and Ox-HDL-cholesterol exposure directly correlated with the loss of cognitive performance. Thus, this biomarker could be a new tool for the screening of large populations under risk, or may be a useful way to estimate the efficacy of therapeuti approaches in patients suffering AD.

Keywords : Plasma cholesterol; Plasma copper; Alzheimer disease; Cognitive performance; Oxidative stress; Amyloid proteins; Ceruloplasmin; Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances; Oxidized-HDL cholesterol.

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