Abstract

MIRANDA, João M. D; BRITO, João E. C; BERNARDI, Itiberê P  and  PASSOS, Fernando C. Bat assemblage of the Marumbi Peak State Park, Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest. Mastozool. neotrop. [online]. 2018, vol.25, n.2, pp.379-390. ISSN 0327-9383.

The great biological diversity found in tropical forests has intrigued scientists for a long time. In this study, we used a bi-dimensional niche matrix to explain the coexistence of bat species in a Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest locality. Bats were caught with a set of mist nets and manually. The samples were taken between Jan/2009 and May/2010, totalizing 41 nights of effort (64800 m².h, only of standardized efforts). The bi-dimensional niche matrix was assembled using functional groups (using predominant feeding habits) and size classes created a posteriori. Seven size classes were defined on the basis of forearm lengths; these classes were shown to be different using a Kruskal-Wallis test (p<0.05). A total of nineteen bat species were recorded, of which sixteen were detected in systematical efforts. Sturnira lilium and Carollia perspicillata were the most abundant species. Five species were regarded as common, ten were intermediate, and four were rare in the studied assemblage. Most individuals sampled belonged to the frugivorous functional group. The aerial insectivore and frugivore functional groups were the richest functional groups, with seven species each. A niche matrix with 35 cells was created, of which 15 were occupied by bats; and only three of them occupied by two or more species. The analysis showed that a combination of feeding habits and size classes could account for resource sharing and coexistence of most of the nineteen bat species in the studied assemblage. The rest of coexistence can be explained by skull characteristics (gracile versus robust skulls for aerial insectivores) or some feeding specializations (for frugivore species).

Keywords : Bat diversity; Biodiversity; Brazilian Atlantic Forest; Species coexistence.

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