Resumo

NASSIF, Silvia. Workers and popular resistance in Tucumán in the beginnings of the dictatorship of Onganía: murder of Hilda Molina Guerrero and popular uprising in Bella Vista. Trab. soc. [online]. 2017, n.29, pp.195-221. ISSN 1514-6871.

In the first months of 1967, the province of Tucumán, Argentina, was sunken in a deep economic and social crisis. In the very early stages of the dictatorship of the self-proclaimed Revolución Argentina headed by the de facto president general Juan Carlos Onganía a decree in August 1966 declared the intervention and closure of sugar mills in this province. Despite a significant portion of national trade unions depositing their expectations in the dictatorship, local sugar workers at the Tucuman Sugar Industry Workers Federation (FOTIA) organised actions to protest this situation. It was in this political context that in January 1967 Hilda Molina Guerrero, wife of a laid-off sugar worker and member of the female branch of the Peronist party, was murdered just a few meters away from the Bella Vista Trade Union premises. This crime in the sugar town of Bella Vista gave way to a true “pueblada” (uprising), the first one to take place since the establishment of the dictatorship. From that moment on, Hilda remained int the popular consciousness as a symbol of the struggles of this period and she is a part of the collective memory to this day. However, and despite its historical importance, little is known about the facts that led to this event. This work reconstruct the circumstances in which Hilda Molina Herrero was killed by a member of the police force, just as the union, FOTIA, was carrying out a coordinated plan to prevent the closure of the mills by the dictatorship. We demonstrate the lack of veracity of the official version released by the Police Headquarters of the Tucuman province and we analyse the full relevance of this event.

Palavras-chave : Hilda Molina Guerrero; FOTIA; Labour movement; Self-appointed dictatorship “Argentina Revolution”; “Pueblada”; Popular uprising; Hilda Guerrero de Molina; FOTIA; Movimento operário; Ditadura da “Revolución Argentina”; Levantamento popular.

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