Resumo

FABRA, Mariana  e  DEMARCHI, Darío A. Morfología craneofacial y estructura genética en poblaciones del centro de Argentina. Rev Arg Antrop Biol [online]. 2012, vol.14, n.1, pp.45-56. ISSN 1514-7991.

The aim of this paper is to analyze population relationships and the relative roles fulfilled by the evolutionary forces in the biological differentiation of a group of populations who lived in different geographic-ecological regions of the southern cone of South America, with particular emphasis on those that occupied the central region of Argentina. The sample consists of 18 populations, including 398 adult males, analyzed by 10 craniofacial variables. Principal coordinates analysis based on D2 distance and Relethford and Blangero analysis were carried out, based on the model of Harpending and Ward for morphological data. The distance analysis showed Córdoba in an intermediate position and relatively differentiated from the other populations, a fact consistent with its geographical location, that suggests that geography was a conditioning factor in the evolution of the population. On the other hand, Córdoba showed similarities with Santiago del Estero, but with marked differences with San Luis, the other population sample from the Sierras Centrales. The Relethford-Blangero analysis suggests for Córdoba, a relatively large effective population size and the existence of high gene flow with populations outside the region, while the position of San Luis suggests the action of random forces acting on a small isolated population.

Palavras-chave : Craniometrics; Relethford-Blangero analysis; Discriminant analysis; Principal coordinates analysis; Sierras Centrales.

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