Resumo

ANZELMO, Marisol; SARDI, Marina L; BARBEITO-ANDRES, Jimena  e  PUCCIARELLI, Héctor M. Alometrías ontogénicas y dimorfismo sexual facial en dos poblaciones humanas modernas. Rev Arg Antrop Biol [online]. 2012, vol.14, n.1, pp.89-100. ISSN 1514-7991.

Facial sexual dimorphism (FSD) involves facial variation in size and shape. It is accepted that shape variation is associated with size (allometry), during ontogeny both sexes share the same allometric trajectory, and men lengthen the allometric trajectory, a process known as ontogenetic scaling. In this work, FSD was analyzed in two ontogenetic modern human samples -Portuguese (Coimbra sample) and Africans of Bantu origin (Dart sample)- in order to assess if both sexes share allometric trajectories. Twelve linear measurements were registered on the face. The geometric mean was calculated and measurements were standardized to evaluate shape variation. The Principal Components analysis was performed in each sample. In order to assess if allometric trajectories differ between males and females, the multivariate and univariate analyses of covariance were performed. Both methods showed no common trajectories between both sexes and samples. In the multivariate analyses, the Coimbra trajectories differ in their slopes, while the Dart trajectories are homogeneous in their slopes but not in their intersection. However, the univariate results indicate that in both samples allometric trajectories do not differ in their slopes between sexes but they are parallel for principal component 1; this may be the consequence of differentiation with probable prenatal origins. Another mechanism involves the lengthening of the male trajectory with regard to females. Ontogenetic scaling would generate differences between sexes in both samples. However, the degree of FSD in size is greater in the Coimbra than in the Dart sample. These differences may be explained by population variations in the mechanisms of growth and development.

Palavras-chave : facial growth and development; ontogenetic scaling; intraspecific variation.

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