Abstract

OYHENART, Evelia E et al. Caracterización del estado nutricional, enteroparasitosis y condiciones socio-ambientales de la población infanto-juvenil del partido de La Plata. Rev Arg Antrop Biol [online]. 2013, vol.15, n.1, pp.47-60. ISSN 1514-7991.

In the present work, the nutritional status, intestinal parasitosis and socio-environmental conditions of children from the city centre and 11 localities of La Plata Department were characterized through a transversal study. Body weight and height were measured in 6.397 children aged 4.0 to 13.9 years old. Body mass index was calculated and the nutritional status estimated using NHANES III. A structured questionnaire was made to evaluate socio-environmental characteristics. Parasitological analyses were carried out in 729 children using fecal samples and implementing the Ritchie technique and anal brushes. The overall results indicated 22.1% of weight excess, 8.7% of undernutrition and 68.5% of parasitosis, being more prevalent Enterobius vermicularis (38.7%), Blastocystis hominis (36.1%), Giardia lamblia (19.1%), and commensal protozoa (26.1%). The worm burden showed a lower value (9.3%). La Plata Department presented great heterogeneity in the nutritional status and parasitic infection of children because they depend on the socio-environmental characteristics. Poor living conditions, low educational levels and lack of formal jobs would explain the co-occurrence of infant parasitic infection and undernutrition, being chronic the most prevalent type of undernutrition. On the other hand, the localities in which parents had a higher educational level and a formalized job -though less access to basic urban servicesshowed a greater prevalence of overweight.

Keywords : malnutrition; socioeconomic characteristics; environmental sanitation; parasitosis.

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