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Revista argentina de antropología biológica
On-line version ISSN 1514-7991
Abstract
DEJEAN, Cristina B et al. Variabilidad genética mitocondrial: comparación de muestras de dos sitios arqueológicos del noroeste argentino. Rev Arg Antrop Biol [online]. 2014, vol.16, n.1, pp.5-16. ISSN 1514-7991.
Pampa Grande (PG) and Los Amarillos (LA) are two archaeological sites in northwestern Argentina for which the sex of the individuals was determined and maternal and paternal lineages were analyzed by means of ancient DNA studies. PG (Salta province) is attributed to the Formative Period and LA (Quebrada de Humahuaca, Jujuy) would have been massively occupied in the Regional Developments Period. The aim of this work is to compare both sites in terms of their genetic diversity by analyzing mitochondrial haplogroups and haplotypes studied in both populations. In the analysis, 19 individuals from PG and 18 from LA were included. Studying mitochondrial lineages, we observed the absence of haplogroups B2 in LA and C1 in PG; while only A2 and D1, usually found in Native American populations, were shared by the sites. All genetic variation analyses considering the Hypervariable Region I indicate a significant genetic differentiation between the sites, with PG having the highest variability. Micro-evolutionary mechanisms associated to geographical and temporal distances may have shaped the intra and interpopulation diversity of these two Pre-hispanic sites from northwestern Argentina.
Keywords : Ancient DNA; Mitochondrial diversity; Pampa Grande; Los Amarillos.