Resumo

D'ADDONA, Lucas A; GONZALEZ, Paula N  e  BERNAL, Valeria. Variabilidad De Las Proporciones Molares En Poblaciones Humanas: Un Abordaje Empleando Modelos Del Desarrollo y Experimentales. Rev Arg Antrop Biol [online]. 2016, vol.18, n.1. ISSN 1514-7991.  http://dx.doi.org/10.17139/raab.2016.0018.01.06.

Data on dental variation among human populations and the mechanisms regulating tooth development elucidated by experimental studies have not yet been integrated in the context of biological anthropology. In this sense, this paper proposes: a) to evaluate the consistency between changes in molar proportions in human populations that exhibit a wide variation in tooth size and the predictions derived from an inhibitory cascade model of dental development, and b) to analyze the effect of the systemic factors controlling the growth of the organism on the lower molars proportions using strains of Mus musculus. The crown area of the mandibular molars was estimated from the bucco-lingual and mesio-distal diameters. The results obtained for human populations showed that the pattern of variation in molar proportions is consistent with expectations derived from the inhibitory cascade model and that most groups exhibit a general trend towards molar size reduction in the anteroposterior direction. Also, a significant positive association between the total molar area and the molar ratios M2/M1 and M3/M1 was observed. In the experimental models, growth alteration caused by systemic factors (protein subnutrition and reduced growth hormone) resulted in a reduction of total molar area associated with changes in molar proportions. The latter are consistent with an increased antero-posterior inhibition. Overall, these results suggest that alterations in the systemic factors that control molar area can produce changes in the proportion of activators and inhibitors, and contribute in turn to interpopulation differentiation in molar proportions.

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