Abstract

GAMBARO, Rocío Celeste; SEOANE, Analía  and  PADULA, Gisel. Comparison of in vitro chromosome damage caused by two ferrous sulphate methods of administration to prevent iron deficiency anemia. Rev Arg Antrop Biol [online]. 2018, vol.20, n.1, pp.1-9. ISSN 1514-7991.  http://dx.doi.org/10.17139/raab.2018.0020.01.02.

Iron deficiency is the most prevalent nutritional deficiency, and the main cause of anemia worldwide. Children between 6 and 24 months of age and pregnant women are among the highest-risk groups. In the case of children, the most common cause of iron deficiency is an increase in iron requirement, directly associated with higher growth rates. The Argentine Society of Pediatrics recommends daily supplementation with ferrous sulphate to prevent anemia. However, an alternative treatment with a single weekly dose was proposed in the 90s, since it might produce fewer adverse effects. The aim of this work was to analyze the genomic damage caused by both ferrous sulphate preventive treatments. Human lymphocytes were cultured in vitro for seven days in four flasks: 1) negative control, 2) daily treatment (0.13mg SO₄Fe/day), 3) weekly treatment (0.55mg SO₄Fe/week), and 4) positive control (bleomycin). Chromosomal damage caused by excess iron was determined by the micronucleus test, and the mitotic index (cell growth indicator) was established. Differences were statistically evaluated by one-way ANOVA. Micronuclei frequency was significantly higher in the daily treatment group, as compared with the weekly treatment group and the negative control (pd"0.05). As expected, our results showed decreased chromosome damage in cultures subjected to the weekly treatment, probably due to a decreased oxygen free radical production. Rev Arg Antrop Biol 20(1), 2018. doi:10.17139/raab.2018.0020.01.02

Keywords : Ferrous sulphate; Genomic damage; Prevention.

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