Resumen

TSAKOUMAGKOS, Pedro  y  GIORDANO BUIANI, Alicia. Agricultural producers, undulated pampa and edaphic problems: A study of case in the Buenos Aires north-east. Mundo agr. [online]. 2010, vol.11, n.21, pp.00-00. ISSN 1515-5994.

Social, economic and production diversity of agriculturalization is evident in the various types of producers of the Wet Pampa. Agriculturalization is associated with changes in land quality, socio-productive structure, applied production strategies and forms of soil usage. Often arises, however, that the problems associated with that agriculturization, are the result of the implementation of relatively uniform technological packages, regardless of the different types of producers are carried out. Our hypothesis is, however, that deterioration in Argiudolls typical Pampas is the result, given different positions of the relief, complex combinations of various production strategies adopted by different types of producers. We worked in the locality of Luján. We typified producers by taking into consideration their capitalization levels (capitalized and non-capitalized) and work organization (family, non-family). We defined five production strategies (4 agricultural strategies: one or two crops a year, no-till or conventional tillage; and 1 livestock production strategy) and two environments (hill and low land). Based on the municipal land registry, we surveyed a statistically representative stratified sample by location and plot size. A sampling allowed us to analyze the following parameters: horizon depth, apparent density, organic matter, acidity, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. We calculated the content of organic matter and nitrogen by hectare, and the relative deterioration. We carried out a hypothesis test of comparison of mean values, test F and test t, and finally calculated the relative deteriorations. We used the organic matter content by hectare as indicator, due to its higher sensitivity towards changes in soil conditions. According to two of our main findings, firstly, when sowing in hill with no-till technique, all types of producers evidenced the lowest relative deterioration values, except for non capitalized family producers who recorded the lowest relative deteriorations with conventional tillage, even in the low lands. These producers rotate livestock and crops as a soil-care tactic. Capitalized businesspeople record the highest values of relative deterioration in low lands. Family producers record lower losses, and, when capitalized, they achieve the best relative situations on applying no-till farming on low lands. Secondly, no dimension -producer type, production strategies, environments- analyzed in isolation determines the relative soil deterioration. Yet, at the same time, none may be discarded; on the contrary, they should be included in a combination including environment conditions and production strategies of the different types of producers handling soils.

Palabras clave : Types of agricultural producers; Productive strategies; Soil deterioration; Agriculturalization in Pampa.

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