Resumen

RELVA, María A.  y  NUNEZ, Martín A.. Factores que facilitan y retrasan la invasión de coníferas exóticas en la Isla Victoria. Ecol. austral [online]. 2014, vol.24, n.2, pp.145-153. ISSN 1667-782X.

Factors facilitating and hindering the invasion of exotic conifer in Isla Victoria: Invasive species constitute a serious threat to biodiversity, producing wide-scale changes in native communities and altering ecosystem processes. The Andean-Patagonian forests currently exhibit a wide diversity of terrestrial as well as aquatic introduced species. Many of these introduced species possess a high invasive potential, while at the same time have economical relevance to the region, such as sport fishing and hunting, and pine plantations. The described situation for Patagonia offers an ideal scenario to test and generate new hypotheses about the ecology of tree invasions. In a more practical domain, determining the impact and knowing the relationship between native and exotic species will permit the establishment of priorities in management actions, as well as also avoiding or mitigating the undesirable or unexpected effects that arise from eradication or control tasks. Here, we present a synthesis of our own studies carried out to understand the factors driving the pattern of pine invasion in the native Nothofagus/Austrocedrus forests on Isla Victoria, Nahuel Huapi National Park. Among studied factors, we found that some of them facilitate the invasion (e.g, introduced herbivores), while others can delay (e.g, low presence of mycorrhizae fungi, seed predation) or have neutral effects on the invasions (e.g., propagule pressure). These results and others currently available from this region and elsewhere allow us to suggest management actions to prevent or hinder a major pine invasion, which should be focused on avoiding new introductions, reducing the abundance of introduced large mammals and preserve native ecosystems with low levels of anthropic disturbances. At the same time, we consider important to start well designed studies to analyze the effects of these management actions.

Palabras clave : Biotic resistance; Invasional meltdown; Mycorrhizal; Native forest; Non-native; Propagule pressure; Ungulates.

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