Resumen

SARTORI, María Soledad et al. Analysis of personality profiles in adult women diagnosed with Turner Syndrome. Interdisciplinaria [online]. 2015, vol.32, n.1, pp.73-87. ISSN 1668-7027.

Turner Syndrome is a chromosomal, not inherited, disorder highest population incidence in females, determined by the partial or complete deletion of chromosome X. Is characterized by short stature and digenesia gonadal and, in a psychosocial level, one of the most common traits are the difficulties in establishing interpersonal relationships. In the development of women with diagnosis of Turner syndrome involves genetic, family, educational and social factors that are relevant in the establishment and consolidation of personality. This last one results from the interaction between biological and environmental factors among which are the inheritance and the learnings. The influence of the personality is a determining factor in the behavior and in the way to adapt to the environment, and may be favorable or pathological depending on the degree of flexibility in the situations of stress. The study of the influence of biological and environmental factors on human development is part of the new contributions of the biopsychosocial paradigm, which seeks to understand the psychological processes through a comprehensive vision that takes into account the interaction between biological, psychological and social factors in the development. This interdisciplinary approach oriented perspective becomes more conducive to addressing people with genetic disorders frame, since the differential impact of each of these factors in psychosocial development directly affect their quality of life. The study of personality in people with genetic disorders, and especially in the Turner Syndrome, is currently a vacant area in psychological research. The aim of the present study was to characterize the personality of adult women with Turner syndrome living in Latin America. The sample was intentional non-probability and corresponds to 60 women between 18 and 55 years. The data were gathered through a virtual version of the Millon Multiaxial Clinical Inventory II in the Spanish version. The direct scores transformed on scores Rate-Base and descriptive statistics of frequencies and measures of central tendency were obtained to characterize the sample. Subsequently the odds ratio was calculated to obtain the index of the probability of women with a diagnosis of Turner syndrome present personality disorders. The presence of a personality disorder was considered when the score in the Rate-Base was greater than 84. The results show that the probability that women with a diagnosis of Turner syndrome presents of suffering from personality disorders, in comparison with a clinical normative sample, is higher for all disorders, being antisocial, self-destructive and compulsive scales those presenting the highest percentages. Thus, despite the limitations encountered, it is important to consider that, according to the finding of the scientific literature, personality is partly determined by biological factors, and in this sense the Turner syndrome has a particular specificity to result from loss of genetic material and therefore cause physical and neuropsychological distinctive characteristics. At the same time, environmental factors would be responsible for modular the development of biological predispositions of certain personality traits, and in this sense social relations, the process of socialization and stimulation that provide girls with a diagnosis of Turner Syndrome from the early years of life, could have a strong impact on the development of what in future will be formed personality style. The results are important for therapeutic work with women diagnosed with Turner syndrome because as having empirical information about their characteristics and personality disorders may be possible to diagramming programs specific treatments they consider their particular way of relating to themselves and the environment, seeking to develop new strategies to improve their quality of life. And at the same time, suggests possible interventions at the family level, especially during childhood, aimed at the prevention of development of dysfunctional personality characteristics.

Palabras clave : Turner Syndrome; Personality disorders; Millon; MCMI-II.

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