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Cuadernos de la Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales. Universidad Nacional de Jujuy

versão On-line ISSN 1668-8104

Resumo

GARCIA, Lidia Clara. Azul Pampa in productive stages. Cuad. Fac. Humanid. Cienc. Soc., Univ. Nac. Jujuy [online]. 2003, n.20, pp.15-35. ISSN 1668-8104.

The general research carried out at Azul Pampa, Humahuaca Department, Jujuy Province, is the origin and development of an increasingly sedentary and productive way of life.    This specific paper describes a survey made along the Sapagua gorge, covering its width through six circular areas on both margins that were covered intensively. This gulch connects the Inca cueva gorge with the Humahuaca one (within the Azul Pampa microrregion), and was foreseen as holding possibly complementary sites to those placed at caves and rockshelters along the Inca Cueva gorge for the initial moments of the Formative stage. This model was stated as of local ethnoarchaeological investigations. The foreseen function for these kind of open air sites would have been restricted agriculture in unwatered lands, complementary of the herding carried out preferably at the other locality, but that would have continued also at the Alto Sapagua gorge during the rest of the year. Hunting would have been an activity carried out at both places.    The six areas circled were selected for their interest after previous surveys, opinions of other colleagues that investigated at the place and regarding this problem before us, resources available, presence of old people villages ("antigales") that could held several successive occupations, rock art sites, etc. They appeared at different altitudes above sea level as we approached Hornaditas, near de Humahuaca gulch. We mapped, collected surface materials, made test pits and excavations. We also included mateials collected by landowners and revised official collections.    We found several sites considered as "Formative" by the North West Argentina archaeological tradition, some of which were near heaps of stones possibly made when cleaning the fields for agriculture purposes, with supposedly "diagnostic" artifacts on their surface. The problem is that these kinds of materials were signalled as Formative for very distant areas. The sites appeared at both margins of the Sapagua stream, at different altitudes above sea level, and showed differences between them.    In order to interpret their function, we searched for some model regarding open air sites that could be near our interests, taking this subject of the settlement pattern as indicative of settlement systems, combining in this way the prevailing Cultural-Historic model that is the preferably used in North West Argentina, with a little more dynamic and modern vision of this problem.    Data obtained, even they did not offer organic materials to be dated, can tentatively correspond with our search, even though the amount of time dedicated for this survey was not enough to cover all these questions. The open air sites complementary with the Lower Initial Formative sites located at caves and rock shelters of Inca Cueva have not been yet authenticly found. We can only consider the illustrated and tested sites as hypothetical, in order to guide future research.

Palavras-chave : Prospección; Estructuras; Función; Complementariedad.

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