Resumen

SPOLJARIC, M.V et al. Caracterización de genotipos de Gossypium hirsutum L. sobre su tolerancia a estrés hídrico. RIA. Rev. investig. agropecu. [online]. 2018, vol.44, n.1, pp.49-59. ISSN 1669-2314.

Water deficit and high atmospheric demand in subhumid climates limit the productivity of crops, being the selection of tolerant varieties a strategy to minimize their impact. The objective was to characterize 20 genotypes of Gossypium hirsutum L. belonging to the germplasm bank of INTA EEA Sáenz Peña for their tolerance to water stress by means of physiological variables. The trial was carried out under controlled conditions in the EEA INTA Las Breñas during the year 2014. A bifactorial experimental design was used, being the factor A the presence or absence of stress (water supply was suspended from the third true leaf and 50% FC for six days), and factor B 20 cotton genotypes. Stomatal conductance (Sc, mmol / m-2 / s-1), leaf temperature (T, °C) and relative water content (RWC, %) were measured. The results of the univariate analysis showed a significant interaction between the factors treatment and genotype for Sc and RWC. For T, only difference between genotypes was observed. On the other hand, the genetic differences in the physiological variables were low due to a strong environmental effect caused by the stress conditions, which masked the genetic variance. The variables analyzed together by a main component analysis were able to separate the treatments significantly and classified the genotypes into three contrasting groups. The genotypes with the best behavior against water stress in relation to RWC and Sc together were BGSP 756, BGSP 463, BGSP 804, BGSP 735, BGSP 803, BGSP 514, BGSP 67, BGSP 475, BGSP 507 y SP 48114.

Palabras clave : Characterization; Gossypium hirsutum L; Tolerance to water stress.

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