Resumen

SUAREZ, V.H et al. Presencia de enfermedades en la cría bovina del dpto. Guachipas, Salta. RIA. Rev. investig. agropecu. [online]. 2018, vol.44, n.3, pp.367-376. ISSN 1669-2314.

A cross-sectional survey was performed in 23 cattle herds (ECB) of the Department of Guachipas Salta, with the aim of describing disease occurrence and management practices. Farmers were subjected to an ad hoc survey to gather data on general management and specific health issues. Sera were processed to diagnose brucellosis using the BPA screening test and positive sera were confirmed by FPA test; bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1), Neospora, Babesia bovis B. bigemina and Anaplasma were tested by indirect ELISA, and leptospirosis by microagglutination test. Serum Cu2+, Zn2+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Fecal samples were taken for eggs counts per gram of feaces (epg) and identifying genera by coproculture. ECB had on average 394.2±876.4 bovines (not including calves). Owners declared a mean annual mortality rate per herd of 10.2 ±3.8% and abortions were recorded in 70.6% of the ECB. No Tritrichomonas foetus and only 13.6% of Campylobacter fetus infections were diagnosed. Neonatal diarrhea were recorded in 77.3% of the ECB and rabies case in one herd. Seroprevalence of brucellosis, leptospirosis, BHV-1, neosporosis, B. bovis, B. bigemina and anaplasmosis in ECB was 0%, 79.6%, 86.7%, 90.0%, 100%, 83.3% and 85.7% respectively. The 100% of the ECB declared Rhipicephalus microplus infections forward late summer and autumn and the 55% babesiosis and anaplasmosis cases. Mean epg of calves was 289±187, with Cooperia, Haemonchus, Ostertagia and Trichostrongylus being the prevailing GIN. Fasciola infections were recorded in 36.9% of the ECB. The presence of hydatid cysts in slaughtered animals were indicated by 18.2% of ECB. Mean serum cooper, zinc, magnesium and calcium were 0.50±0.1 ppm, 0.64±0.1 ppm, 2.41±0,4mg/dl y 13.0±0.8 mg/dl respectively. A 70% of the ECB reported cases of cegadera (Heterophyllaea pustulata) and some death (63.2%) were stated by farmers by the ingestion of romerillo (Baccharis coridifolia) and secondly of hediondilla (Cestrum parqui) by young o new foreign animals. Farmers (78.3%) indicated loss of animals mostly due to the attack by cougars and condors. These first results regarding show the importance of conducting specific studies about the health of herds in order to increase competitiveness and the welfare of farming families.

Palabras clave : Survey; Cattle; Diseases; Department of Guachipas; Salta.

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