Resumen

CICHON, Liliana et al. Insecticidas con posibilidad de registro en cereza en Argentina y sus implicancias para la exportación de frutas frescas. RIA. Rev. investig. agropecu. [online]. 2019, vol.45, n.2, pp.285-291. ISSN 1669-2314.

In the Argentine Norpatagonia, a constant increase of the cherry production area has been observed in the last 5 years. Linked to this, there is an increase in the incidence of pests that requires specific control treatments. Currently, the number of insecticides registered for this crop is very low and in some cases it is not related to the effectiveness of control of the present pests. In addition, the international trade of fresh fruits requires knowledge of the decline of pesticides to reach the tolerances established by each buyer country and the secondary residue standards of commercialization if they exist. The objective of the present work is to analyze the decline of six insecticides of possible use according to the pests present in the region, and to determine their implications in the overseas commercial exchange. The insecticides studied were: abamectin, emamectin benzoate, lambdacyhalothrin, spinetoram, spirotetramate and methomyl. The fruit, pulverized and harvested at different periods after application, in Cmte Guerrico area, was analyzed by gas chromatography with mass-mass detector (GC-MS-MS) with a limit of quantification (LC) of 0.01 mg / kg and detection (LD) of 0.005 mg / kg. Most of the insecticides evaluated in sweet cherry fruits were found to be non-detectable at 45 days, with the exception of spirotetramate (0.01 ppm) and lambdacyhalothrin (0.03 ppm). At 14 days after spraying, the residues of abamectin, emamectin benzoate and spinetoram declined to values below 0.01 ppm. Each of these insecticides has different types of use limitations in terms of their registration and tolerance in the countries to which they wish to export sweet cherries. A particular analysis is carried out in each of them. This information is relevant, especially after the recent introduction to the region, of the exotic pest Drosophila suzukii. The productive cycle of the cherry cultivation is short and the pest affects the fruits from the veraison until the end of the harvest, for this reason the knowledge of the decline of the effective insecticides for its control, must be very precise. On the other hand, it is essential to design health intervention strategies integrating different types of tools, ensuring adequate management of resistance.

Palabras clave : sweet cherry; pests; pest managements; pesticides residues.