Resumen

CHALCO, Irene et al. Análisis de la edafo-climotoposecuencia y su influencia en la distribución de los suelos de la subcuenca del río Mira-Ecuador. RIA. Rev. investig. agropecu. [online]. 2021, vol.47, n.2, pp.181-188.  Epub 25-Ago-2021. ISSN 1669-2314.

The objective of the study was to determine by an analysis of the edapho-weather-toposequence the distribution of soils in the subwatershed of the River Mira, using Geoinformation (geomorphology, soils, land cover), generated by the Space Institute of Ecuador and SIGTIERRAS, and using a geographic information system for processing the data. Using the analytical approach, the geopedological map was elaborated, determining 16 landscape units product of the grouping of factors forming the soil. Soils have been originated from volcanic ash material and depending on their altitude they have different characteristics: in high areas (> 3 200 m A.S.L.), they present the bigger accumulation of organic matter (conferring dark coloration); In intermediate zones (1 600 to 3 200 m A.S.L.), soils with larger pedogenetic evolution, meteorization of clays, rich in organic matter, dark brown color and high saturation of bases can be observed; And in low areas (< 1 600 m A.S.L.), they present characteristics such as high moisture retention, low saturation of bases, low pH and risks of toxicity by aluminum. Taxonomically, considering the different level of order, dominated the Andisols with the 45 % occupancy of the total area (5 356,74 km2), followed by the Mollisols with 25%. In conclusion the soil distribution is influenced by the climate -represented by the soil temperature regimes (Isofrige, Isomesic, isothermic and Isohyperthermic) and soil moisture regimens (Peruvian, Udic and Ustic)- , on the starting material (volcanic ash).

Palabras clave : analytical approach; Trainer factors; geopedological; GIS; Landscape unit.

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