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RIA. Revista de investigaciones agropecuarias

versión On-line ISSN 1669-2314

Resumen

BERTIN, O.D. et al. Secuencias de cultivos anuales para forraje y pastura perenne en suelo agrícola degradado. RIA. Rev. investig. agropecu. [online]. 2022, vol.48, n.2, pp.181-187. ISSN 1669-2314.

The intensification of livestock production systems through the incorporation of annual crops can potentiate perennial pastures. The objective of this work was to evaluate forage production, protein content and soil variables of different annual crop sequences summer crops and winter crops, complementing an alfalfa pasture, under two precipitation levels. Treatments consisted of a combination of summer and winter crops. The experiment was a split-split randomized complete block design (n=3) with precipitation level as the main plot (high: rainfall plus irrigation; normal, rainfall), summer crop as sub-plot and winter crop as sub-sub-plot. The data were analyzed by ANOVA and mean separation was made using Tukey test (p˂0.05). The evaluation was done over seven productive cycles (2009/10 to 2015/16). The study was divides in two periods 2009/13 and 2013/16. In the second period foxtail millet was replaced by double corn crop for silage. Precipitation effect was significant for both periods, but was more important in the first dry cycle (2011/12). The most productive sequences were those that included double corn crop, but did not differed from one corn crop in humid cycles (2014/15). In years with scarce precipitations the double corn crop should be evaluated as it could be very risky. The sequences that included corn for silage were the most productive. The sequences with soybean for silage and winter crop produced less than sequences with corn, but had similar forage production and protein content than alfalfa pastures, and was the sequence with the highest protein accumulation. The selection of the winter crop, oat or annual ryegrass, did not affect the production of the sequences. The annual crop sequences increased the superficial and sub-superficial soil bulk density in comparison with the alfalfa. Irrigation had positive effects on forage production and protein accumulation. However, had negative effects on physiochemical soil variables, making the soil slightly alkaline and sodic.

Palabras clave : corn silage; soybean silage; alfalfa; forage winter crops; forage production.

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