Resumen

PATINO, E.M. et al. Perfil de ácidos grasos en leche de búfalas alimentadas con pastura natural y suplementadas con aceites de girasol y pescado. Rev. vet. [online]. 2017, vol.28, n.1, pp.19-26. ISSN 1669-6840.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the fatty acids profile and the nutritional quality of buffaloes milk fed with natural pasture and supplemented with a mixture of sunflower and fish oils. Eight multiparous Mediterranean buffaloes were supplemented with 300 ml/day of a mixture of sunflower and fish oils (210 and 90 ml, respectively) mixed with ground corn, during 60 days. Milk samples were taken on day 0, 24 and 60 and analyzed for fatty acids profile by gas chromatography. The lipid supplementation during 24 days induced a significant increase of the concentrations of rumenic, vaccenic and α-linolenic acids in 398, 420 and 29%, respectively. Basal concentrations of saturated fatty acids decreased 26%, the drops of the lauric, myristic, palmitic and stearic acids were 45, 49, 22 and 33%, respectively. The lipid supplementation during 60 days significantly reduced (p=0,0089) the rumenic acid, when compared to day 24. With regard to the nutritional quality of the fat, the supplementation with the oil-blend during 24 days significantly decrease the basal atherogenicity (AI) and thrombogenicity (TI) indexes (p<0.0001), increased the basal hypocholesteromic/hypercholesterolemic ratio (h/H) (p=0.0008) and did not change the ω6/ω3 relationship (p=0,2443). After 60 days AI, TI and Rh/H significantly increased (p=0.0159, 0.0016 and 0,0301, respectively) when compared to day 24. We conclude that by the lipid supplementation a bubalin milk with a fatty acids profile more suitable for human consumption is obtained, with lower contents of saturated fatty acids and elevated tenors of unsaturated fatty acids. Such changes in the fatty acids profile were accompanied by reduced atherogenic and thrombogenic indexes, and increase in the h/H relationship. However, the high levels of vaccenic and rumenic acids in milk declined with the prolonged supplementation and were accompanied by an increase in the AI and TI.

Palabras clave : buffaloe; supplementation; sunflower and fish oils; milk fatty acids.

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