Resumen

VARA, Ana María. Transgénicos en Argentina: más allá del boom de la soja. Rev. iberoam. cienc. tecnol. soc. [online]. 2004, vol.1, n.3, pp.101-129. ISSN 1850-0013.

Argentina adopted genetically modified (GM) crops within a process of agriculture intensification and a for export framework, and is currently the second largest producer and exporter of GM crops after the US, largely due to its extremely fast adoption of glyphosate-tolerant Roundup Ready (RR) soybean. Adoption of GM corn and GM cotton, have not followed this pattern. There is a small number of reports on the economic, ecological, and -to a lesser extent- social impact of adoption of GM crops in Argentina, mostly devoted to RR soybean, which are analyzed in this article. The growing public debate also focuses on RR soybean. Although adoption of RR soybean in Argentina constitutes a necessary case of analysis and debate -since this crop occupies half of Argentina's total arable land, and represents a quarter of its exports- we argue it does not represent a generalizable example, since it has been favored by a peculiar set of circumstances. This point shows the need for further analysis of GM corn and GM cotton adoption in Argentina, in order to explore how adoption of new GM products could take place in this country, and in order to reach more legitimately generalizable conclusions about how a developing country incorporates GM crops.

Palabras clave : Genetically modified organisms; Transgenic; Soybean RR; Maize Bt; Cotton Bt; Developing countries.

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