Abstract

ANDREAU, Ricardo et al. Physical and chemical degradation of two horticultural soils of La Plata: Alternative treatment. Cienc. suelo [online]. 2012, vol.30, n.2, pp.107-117. ISSN 1850-2067.

Horticultural and floricultural in greenhouse production requires intensive management with irrigation, fertilization and permanent tillage. This leads to irreversible soil degradation. Among the problems are those derived by sodicity, salinity, presence of toxic vegetables and loss of organic matter and physical fertility. Objectives: a) assess the impact of intensive greenhouse production of different chemical and physicochemical properties in two soils of the area during 21 years, b) analyze the effect of the application of different organic and chemical amendments on chemical, physical and physical-chemical variables on a Vertic Argiudol soil representative of the region with 14 years of continuous use in greenhouses, in order to select quality indicators. Soils: Serie Arturo Seguí. Antecedents: 0-21 years of cultivation under cover. Analysis: soil (pH, electrical conductivity (CE), RAS, easily oxidizable organic carbon (COT) and particulate carbon (Cp), total N (Nt), extractable P, NO₃-, apparent density (Dap), porosity (P), structural stability (DMP)), water irrigation (CE, cations and anions), organic fertilizers (organic matter, pH, Na, humidity). Corrective treatments: T0 (witness), T1 (rice shell + gypsum + sulphur), T2 (compost + gypsum + sulphur), T3 (chicken bed (Cp) + gypsum + sulphur), T4 (gypsum ), T5 (sulphur), T6 (gypsum + sulphur). A progressive deterioration of the productive qualities of the soil was confirmed due to the linear increase of pH and sodicity curvilinear (RAS) and salinity (CE), curvilinear decrease of COT and extractable P increases irregularly, very high in some cases. Treatments with rice shell and chicken bed, both gypsum and sulfur addition, were the most effective for the control of the loss of organic matter (COT, Cp) and related physical properties (DMP, P, Dap) affected by use in a greenhouse for 14 years.

Keywords : Sodicity; Salinity; Organic matter; Structural stability.

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