Abstract

ARES, María Guadalupe; CHAGAS, Celio Ignacio  and  VARNI, Marcelo. Respuesta hidrológica de cuencas de diferentes tamaños ubicadas en la pampa serrana y en la pampa ondulada. Cienc. suelo [online]. 2014, vol.32, n.1, pp.117-127. ISSN 1850-2067.

Two hydrological systems devoted to agriculture, belonging to the Hilly as well as to the Rolling Pampas were analyzed. Regarding the Hilly Pampa (Azul County), the runoff from a 116.3 km² basin belonging to the Videla stream, and also from a small watershed of 5.6 km² located in the basin´s head, were analyzed. Regarding the Rolling Pampa (San Pedro County), the surface runoff from a 409 km² basin and a small watershed of 3 km², both belonging to the Tala river, were monitored. The dominant soils in Azul are Typic Argiudolls with high infiltration capacity; high organic matter content and aggregate stability. The dominant soils in San Pedro are Vertic Argiudolls (particularly in the small watershed) with moderate infiltration capacity. Along this basin´s head there are particular geomorphic conditions corresponding to a large floodplain with many depressions and hydromorphic and sodic soils. Employing rainfall/runoff data actual CN values were obtained. The watershed from the Hilly Pampa showed a high infiltration capacity reflected in CN values of about 62, whereas the Rolling Pampa's watershed had values of about 82. The results from the experiments using simulated rainfall were in accordance with the CN values, showing the excellent aggregate and structural conditions of the soils in the Hilly Pampa. By comparing the hydrological response from both basins it was evident that CN values from Hilly Pampa's basin were slightly smaller than its respective small watershed. On the contrary, CN values from the Rolling Pampa´s basin were considerably smaller than its respective watershed. This difference in the Rolling Pampa can be ascribed to the particular geomorphic conditions that are present in the head of the studied basin.

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