Abstract

BARBARO, Lorena Alejandra; DEL CARMEN IMHOFF, Silvia  and  MORISIGUE, Daniel Enrique. Evaluación de sustratos formulados con corteza de pino, pinocha y turba subtropical. Cienc. suelo [online]. 2014, vol.32, n.2, pp.149-158. ISSN 1850-2067.

The use of soil in potting production difficult the crop management and involves the depletion of a nonrenewable resource. Therefore, is necessary to find alternatives for replacement. The objective of this study was to formulate substrates from pine bark (C), leaves of pine (P) and subtropical peat (T) to evaluate their physicochemical properties and quality for growing flowering plants in pots. Seven formulated substrates were evaluated: 1) 1C:1P:1T, 2) 2C:1P:1T, 3) 1C:2P:2T, 4) 2C:1P:2T, 5) 2C:2P:1T, 6) 1C:4P:2T y 7) 2C:4P:1T, one local substrate (leaves of pine + subtropical peat + mineral soil) and one commercial substrate (Blonde and black peat + perlite + vermiculite). Bulk density, total pore space (TPS), water holding capacity (WHC), pore air (PA), particle size, pH and electrical conductivity (EC) was analyzed. Was performed a trial with Viola tricolor var . Yellow, one with Petunia hybrida var. White and one with Salvia splendes var. red. Each trial was composed of nine treatments (substrates evaluated) and 10 repetitions. At the end of the trials the number of buds and flowers, length and stem diameter, shoot and root dry mass were measured. The formulated and commercial substrate presented low bulk density (<0.4 g cm^-3). The local substrate was noted for having the highest bulk density and percentage in the size fraction <1 mm due to the presence of soil in its formulation. The particle size >3.35 mm was higher in the substrate 6, 7 and commercial substrate; this explains the high percentage of PA in the first two. The substrates 6 and 7 showed the lowest values in the percentage of the fraction <1 mm, coinciding with lower CRA. All substrates had a suitable pH and EC values (pH: 5.5 – 6.3 and EC: < 1dS m^-1 (1+5 v/v)). The substrates formulated obtained floral seedlings quality, but the substrates 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 were highlighted to achieve greater absolute value in most variables. These substrates had a more balanced water/air ratio (PA <50% and CRA> 35%).

Keywords : Crop in potting, floriculture, physical-chemical characterization, flower seedlings.

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