Resumen

DE SA PEREIRA, Eduardo; GALANTINI, Juan Alberto; QUIROGA, Alberto Raúl  y  LANDRISCINI, María Rosa. Efecto De Los Cultivos De Cobertura Otoño Invernales, Sobre El Rendimiento y Acumulación De N En Maíz En El Sudoeste Bonaerense. Cienc. suelo [online]. 2014, vol.32, n.2, pp.219-231. ISSN 1850-2067.

Cover crops (CC) have an effect on nitrogen (N) accumulation and on successive crop yields. The aim of this study was to evaluate yields, yield components and N accumulation of maize using as previous crops different CC and evaluating the response to N fertilization. Five experiments were conductedd on a Typic Argiudioll (USDA Soil Taxonomy) of Coronel Suárez. The species used as CC were: Oats (Avena sativa), Hairy vetch (Vicia sativa) and control (chemical fallow). The experimental design consisted of split-plots in three randomized complete blocks, with main plots corresponding to the cover crops treatment and subplots to the fertilizer treatment (N applied at the V4-V6 corn stage). The treatments in the main plots were the CC. The effects of CC varied according to the corn yield component.. Hairy vetch and N fertilization at different rates increased the N absorption efficiency. A greater N absorption was not always related to increases in corn yields, probably due to the climatic variability among years. There was a tendency for greater corn yields with hairy vetch as a preceding cover crop. N application reduced hairy vetch N recovery during the second year and increased N recovery during the first and third year. Fertilizer application effects varied among previous crops with a low response to N when the previous crop was hairy vetch, a variable response when in fallow and a significant response when the previous crop was oats.

Palabras clave : Cover crops, corn, hairy vetch, clover, oats, yield, nitrogen.

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