Abstract

LANDRISCINI, MARÍA ROSA; MARTINEZ, JUAN MANUEL  and  GALANTINI, JUAN ALBERTO. FERTILIZACIÓN FOLIAR CON NITRÓGENO EN TRIGO EN EL SUDOESTE BONAERENSE. Cienc. suelo [online]. 2015, vol.33, n.2. ISSN 1850-2067.

In the semiarid and sub humid Pampean region, foliar nitrogen (N) application to wheat at anthesis stage coincides with an erratic rainfall period which defines yield and quality. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the effect of foliar N application at anthesis on wheat grain yield and quality in Southwestern Buenos Aires Province, an area characterized by climate and soil fertility variations, and to apply principal component analyses (ACP) on all variables. A total of 30 experiments were conducted from 2004 to 2012 with N rates of 0, 25, 50 and 100 kg N ha^-1 applied at sowing and 25 kg ha^-1 at anthesis. Water availability was variable in the study period, which caused significant yield variations. The ANOVA for all the experiments showed no significant differences for N at sowing or at anthesis, but it indicated a protein increase in 25 of the 30 experiments. In all trials, yield from the control treatment ranged from 1784 to 2600 kg ha^-1 and N foliar application response from 145 to 1273 kg ha^-1. The grain protein content, which averaged 132 g kg^-1, increased 11% with N fertilization at anthesis. Low and poorly distributed rainfall limited yield and foliar N response. Nitrogen rates at sowing that produced the maximum response to foliar application ranged from 0 to 100 kg N ha^-1. The most influential variables in ACP were September, October and November rainfall, dry matter at Z60, soil water content at sowing and N availability. The yield was estimated with 72% confidence and protein with 59%. In these environments, foliar N application resulted in variable grain yield but it proved to be a useful practice for enhancing protein concentration.

Keywords : Nitrogen; Anthesis.

        · abstract in Spanish     · text in Spanish     · Spanish ( pdf )