Abstract

REY MONTOYA, Tania Soledad et al. Propiedades Físicas de un argiudol ácuico bajo diferentes sistemas de manejo. Cienc. suelo [online]. 2017, vol.35, n.1, pp.171-180. ISSN 1850-2067.

The objective was to evaluate the physical properties of soil under different tillage systems and crop sequences in an Áquic Argiudoll of Corrientes, to obtain quality indicators. The design was a completely randomized plots in factorial arrangement (3x4), where the factors were: • Tillage system, with three levels: conventional (LC), reduced (LR) and no tillage (SD); • Crop sequences with four levels: corn-oats (M-Av), corn-fallow (M-D), cotton-oats (A-Av) and cotton-fallow (A-D). The treatments were 12, with 4 replicates and 48 experimental units. In the corn and cotton seeding of the fourth production cycle, bulk density (BD), aggregate stability (AS), Infiltration (In) and mechanical resistance to penetration (MRP) were determined under field capacity conditions (CC). Variance analysis was applied with Duncan test. The MRP was higher in SD (0.27 MPa) on the surface than LR and LC (0.18 MPa), while at 7-20 cm this trend was opposite, 0.9 MPa in SD and 1.17 MPa in LC (α ≤ 0, 05). The AE was 68.3% in SD; 54.8% in LR and 49.5% in LC (α ≤ 0.05). It also increased infiltration under SD (2.9 cm h^-1), followed by LR and LC (α ≤ 0.05). The soil attributes could indicate soil quality would be: a) The MRP decreased by tilling soil surface with LC and LR, but presented the best conditions under SD in depth b) The rotations that ended with cotton had lower MRP (7-20 cm) than with maize crops; c) AS and In presented the highest values in SD. The practices that favored the AS collaborated to a greater In and would imply a less runoff and water erosion; d) SD presented the most favorable variations to maintain soil quality.

Keywords : Tillage systems; Crop sequence; Soil quality.

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