Abstract

MILAN, Cecilia  and  BONADEO, Elena. Efecto de la aplicación de yeso sobre la capacidad productiva de un suelo sódico de alta variabilidad espacial. Cienc. suelo [online]. 2017, vol.35, n.2, pp.315-323. ISSN 1850-2067.

In sodic soils of Córdoba, crops tend to present an uneven growth called ‘‘patches’’. One of the main causes of this phenomenon is the shallow depth at which sodium and salts appear that negatively affects crops. Calcium amendments are used as a rehabilitation alternative. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of gypsum application, in single and fractional doses, on soil and plant properties in ‘‘patched’’ sectors during the last stage of a long-term experiment. The research was carried out in a plot of 25 ha, representative of the phenomenon of ‘‘patching’’ in the area of Villa Maria, Córdoba. The soil was classified to typical Haplustoll from silty loam, with salinity and sodicity phases. Water table water contains mainly sodium bicarbonates and oscillates around 2.5 m. The design used was random blocks with three repetitions, in 7x7m plots gypsum sectors were located. The treatments were T: without gypsum addition, DU: with a single application of 6000 kg ha^-1 in the year 2005 and DF: applying 2000 kg ha^-1 of gypsum on three occasions (2005, 2008 and 2010). The amendment was applied to the surface and by broadcasting. The evaluations took place after the last re-casting (2010). pH_1:2,5, CE_1:1, SAR, Infiltration, hydraulic conductivity, apparent density, mechanical resistance, soybean and alfalfa production (including normal reference situation) were determined. Gypsum addition tended to improve soil properties and crop yield, especially in DU treatment, although grain yields and forage did not come close to the normal situation production. It is estimated that the rainfall regime and the soil low drainage is insufficient for the amendment to work satisfactorily.

Keywords : Calcium amendment; Recovery; Alfalfa; Soybean.

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