Abstract

SALVIO, Carla; MANETTI, Pablo Luis; CLEMENTE, Natalia Liliana  and  LOPEZ, Alicia Noemí. Toxicity based on metaldehyde baits and / or carbaryl on scarites anthracinus (coleoptera: carabidae). Cienc. suelo [online]. 2018, vol.36, n.1, pp.55-61. ISSN 1850-2067.

The objective was to determine the lethal effect of baits based on Metaldehyde and/or Carbaryl on Scarites anthracinus, which acts as a biological regulator of slugs and woodlouse. Three bioassays where the experimental units consisted of placing an adult S. anthracinus in a container (400 cm2) with 500 g soil and 24 g of vegetable residue. Three baits granulated were used: Metaldehyde (4% the active ingredient (a.i.)), Carbaryl (8% the i.a.) and Metaldehyde + Carbaryl (4% + 8% the a.i.) at the following doses: 0; 1; 2; 3; 4 and 5 kg ha^-1 of the formulated product. It was used a completely randomized design with 12 replications and it was conducted under controlled conditions (20 ± 2 °C and 14L: 10O). Observations were made at 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours after application (HAA), and the number of dead individuals was evaluated. The relationship between the proportion of S. anthracinus dead and the dose of each pesticide was adjusted by a nonlinear model with a logistic function and lethal dose 50 (LD50) were estimated. We are not observed dead individuals with Metaldehyde although S. anthracinus was consumed the bait. With Carbaryl and Metaldehyde + Carbaryl the proportion of dead increased as the dose of each bait was increased, obtaining proportions of dead of 0.75. The LD50 of Carbaryl was 2.95 kg ha^-1, equivalent to the applied dose in the field, while the LD50 Metaldehyde + Carbaryl was 1.54 kg ha^-1, half of the recommended application dose in the field. It is concluded that baits containing Carbaryl proved to be lethal on S. anthracinus and involve a direct risk on natural populations of this species.

Keywords : carabid beetles; pesticides; ecotoxicological bioassay.

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