Abstract

SERRI, Dannae Lilia et al. Effect of agriculturization on the biological quality of soil. Cienc. suelo [online]. 2018, vol.36, n.2, pp.92-104. ISSN 1850-2067.

In the Pampas region of Argentina, the simplification of agroecosystems has caused the decrease of ecosystem services, resulting in the loss of resources, and affecting soil quality. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of agriculturization in different environments (sub-humid and semi-arid) of the Pampean region, by means of biological indicators and soil organic carbon. During 2013, 2014 and 2015, sites in Río Cuarto, Rafael García, Manfredi and Marcos Juárez of the province of Córdoba, and Villa Mercedes corresponding to the province of San Luis were evaluated. At each location, soil sampling was carried out at a reference site and in different crop sequences. The parameters evaluated were microbial biomass carbon (CBM), microbial respiration (RM), metabolic coefficient (qCO₂), enzymatic activities of fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis (FDA), acid phosphatase (FA) and dehydrogenase (DHG), total organic carbon (COT) soil and microbial coefficient (qMic). The obtained results expressed that the most significant indicators were CBM and COT, together with the enzymes FDA and FA since they registered significant differences between treatments at most sites. In general, these indicators allowed differentiating pristine soils from those with anthropic use. In turn, the differences between soil quality indexes were significant and higher for natural situations, with no differences between crop sequences.

Keywords : Microbial activity; organic carbon; sustainability.

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