Resumen

MARTINEZ, Juan Pablo et al. Soybean-dominated crop sequences: effect on physical soil quality indicators. Cienc. suelo [online]. 2020, vol.38, n.2, pp.224-235. ISSN 1850-2067.

The increased in frequency of soybean monoculture can lead to decreases in soil organic matter and affect soil physical properties. However, management practices such us fertilization, crop rotation with high biomass production and increases intensification sequence index (ISI) could partially offset agriculture negative effects. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of inclusion of different crops sequence management with soybean predominance on soil physical properties. The experiments were carried out at two sites of Pampas Region (Arequito and Balcarce): In both sites, different alternatives management effects on bulk density (Dap) and aggregate stability (EA) previous to soybean sown were evaluated. Additionally, mechanical resistance to penetration (RMP) and infiltration rate (TI) were evaluated only in Balcarce. The determinations were performed after 4 years of implementation of following treatments: soybean without fertilization (Sj); soybean with phosphorus (P) and sulfur (S) (SjF); cover crop (CC) / soybean with P and S (CC/SjF); CC with nitrogen (N) / soybean with P and S (CCF/SjF); high ISI rotation fertilized with N, P and S: wheat/soybean 2° - CC / soybean (Rotation). In both sites, Dap (0-5 and 5-10 cm soil depth) and AE values (0-10 cm soil depth) was not significantly different between crops sequence management practices. On the other hand, RMP (0 to 20 cm soil depth) and TI were not significantly different between treatments at Balcarce site. The results our experiment indicate that after 4 years of sequences with soybean predominance, P and S fertilization, CC inclusion, and rotation with high ISI, did not significantly affected soil physical quality indexs.

Palabras clave : Cover crops; bulk density; aggregate stability; mechanical penetration resistance; infiltration.

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