Resumo

RUSSO, María Gabriela; SELDES, Verónica; AVENA, Sergio  e  DEJEAN, Cristina B. Pautas socioculturales y vinculaciones genéticas en poblaciones prehispánicas andinas. Intersecciones antropol. [online]. 2019, vol.20, n.1, pp.79-92. ISSN 1850-373X.

In this study, the genetic diversity and differentiation of pre-Hispanic populations from the south central Andes were analyzed. The hypothesis established was that gene flow might have existed among groups involved in the exchange of goods that has occurred during all periods throughout the region. Mitochondrial Hypervariable Region I sequences of 415 individuals were compiled and grouped into 18 populations from different regions. Results showed that pre-Hispanic populations from northwestern Argentina were not genetically differentiated from the groups of current-day Bolivia and Northern Chile. This could be related with the exchange relationships among those regions. Furthermore, genetic differentiation among the studied groups was not explained by geographic distance. Instead, we found evidence that other factors such as temporality or sociopolitical and cultural characteristics might have had more influence. Higher levels of differentiation were found both in early and in small, isolated, and probably endogamic populations. In contrast, populations associated with state capitals or large ceremonial settlements exhibited higher genetic diversity and lower differentiation levels.

Palavras-chave : Ancient DNA; South-central Andes; Exchange; Gene flow.

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