Abstract

HIRSCHSON PRADO, Alfredo et al. Leukocyte Count as Predictor of Angiographic Findings and Clinical Events in Non-ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes.: Sub-analysis of the PACS Angiographic Study. Rev. argent. cardiol. [online]. 2013, vol.81, n.5, pp.408-414. ISSN 1850-3748.

Background Previous studies have analyzed the relationship between inflammatory markers and acute coronary syndromes. Prognosis in Acute Coronary Syndromes (PACS) is a prospective, multicentric study conducted between January 2000 and May 2002 in 11 coronary care units of Argentina. It determined the prognostic value of different biomarkers, alone or in combination, to stratify risk in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTEACS). However, there are few studies on the relationship of increased leuko-cyte levels with angiographic findings and mid-term events. Objective The aim of the study was to establish whether leukocyte count at admission is associated with complex coronary disease and adverse prognosis at 6-month follow-up in patients with NSTEACS. Methods The angiographic PACS substudy was conducted in 1253 patients from the PACS study core group (with a population of 1500 patients) and it included centers with coronary angiography (CA). Out of the 1253 substudy patients, CA was performed in 633 (50.5%) (mean of 48 hours after admission, percentiles 25-75, 24-72 hours). To perform the sub-analysis, complete data were obtained from 580 patients (46.2%). In this group, leukocyte count within 24 hours of admission was analyzed in addition to tests performed in the biomarkers PACS protocol. The population was divided in percentiles according to admission leukocyte count. Patients with initial leukocytes < 7700/ mm³ were included in the lower percentile, patients with leukocyte count between 7700 and 11500/mm³ in the middle percentile and those with leukocyte count > 11500/mm³ in the higher percentile. Results Most of the 580 patients were men (72.9%), and mean age was 66±12 years. Among these patients, 64.4% had history of hypertension, 17.9% of diabetes, 22.2% of previous infarction, 60% presented high clinical risk (ACC/AHA) and 61.1% had ECG at admission with ST-segment or T wave alterations. Leukocyte count > 11500/mm³ was associated with higher rate of visible thrombus, presence of complicated plaque and more extensive coronary disease (p = 0.019, 0.033 and 0.07, respectively). At the 6-month follow-up, patients in the higher percentile had greater tendency of death or infarction than patients in the lower percentile (14.2% vs. 7.5%; p = 0.026). Conclusion In patients with NSTEACS, a high leukocyte count at admission is associated with complex coronary disease and worse prognosis at 6 month-follow-up.

Keywords : Acute Coronary Syndromes; Leukocytes; Coronary Disease.