Resumen

VIZGARRA, Oscar N.; ESPECHE, Clara M.  y  PLOPER, L. Daniel. TUC 300: new early-maturing black bean variety for North Western Argentina. Rev. ind. agric. Tucumán [online]. 2012, vol.89, n.2, pp.37-46. ISSN 1851-3018.

The edible bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important alternative crop for the dry sub-humid and semi-arid region in North Western Argentina, which includes the provinces of Salta, Santiago del Estero, Jujuy, Catamarca and Tucumán. Early-maturing varieties are suitable for this region and allow growers to partially avoid the negative effects of water stress and early frosts, as their planting can be delayed. The objective of this paper was to analyze the process by which early-maturing black bean TUC 300 was obtained, as well as to present data about its productivity and reaction to the main diseases. In 2003, Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC) introduced four black bean lines that showed early maturity and resistance to virus diseases from the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT). These lines were planted in observation plots in Pozo Hondo (Santiago del Estero), using the variety TUC 500 as a control. Only one line, identified as TUC 300, was selected and its seed was multiplied in 2004. TUC 300 was evaluated in Preliminary Trials (PT) in San Agustín (Tucumán), Los Altos (Catamarca) and Pozo Hondo in 2005 and 2006 and in Comparative Yield Trials from 2007 through 2010, including TUC 510 as the control. Analyses of variance of grain production (kg/ha) of varieties across locations were conducted during the 2008, 2009, and 2010 seasons as well as for each location in those three seasons. Treatment means were compared using Fisher's test. TUC 300 was outstanding on account of its short cycle (75 days from planting to harvest) and good adaptation and health. All these features justified the official registration of TUC 300 as a new early-maturing black bean cultivar in the Registro Nacional de Cultivares and the Registro Nacional de la Propiedad de Cultivares of the Instituto Nacional de Semillas, in 2012.

Palabras clave : Plant breeding; Early-maturing; Selection; Genotype.

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