Abstract

ESPECHE, Clara M.; VIZGARRA, Oscar Nicéforo; MAMANI GONZALES, Silvana Y.  and  PLOPER, L. Daniel. Analysis of the behavior of black bean cultivars in Argentine Northwest. Rev. ind. agric. Tucumán [online]. 2016, vol.93, n.2, pp.01-06. ISSN 1851-3018.

Genotype x environment (G x E) interaction studies in black bean research have not been conducted as frequently as with other species. However, evaluating G x E interactions is one of the essential activities sustaining breeding programs. The detection of these interactions has led to the development of procedures which are generically referred to as stability analysis. This work aimed to determine yield response and stability of black bean lines in different environments of Northwestern Argentina. Such lines had all been included in the Comparative Yield Trials (CYT) of the Grain Crops Breeding Program of Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC). These trials were carried out from the 2009 to the 2012 growing seasons, at three different sites: San Agustín (Tucumán province), Los Altos (Catamarca province) and Pozo Hondo (Santiago del Estero province). Each trial included 12 genotypes, and assays were performed in accordance with a randomized complete block design, with three replications. Plots consisted of four six-meter-long rows set 0.52 m apart. Both harvesting and seed cleaning were performed by hand. Subsequently, yields were calculated as kg/ha, and conjoint data of cultivar yields (kg/ha) obtained in the three experimental sites throughout the evaluated years were later subjected to an analysis of variance. This analysis was also performed for each year and location, and means were compared using Fisher’s test (P< 0.05). In order to assess genotype behavior in terms of stability or adaptability, an analysis of environmental index with linear adjustment was conducted. In this work, environment was treated as a combination of location and year, and environmental index resulted from the average yield of genotypes tested in the CYT, as obtained for each location and year combination. Out of the 12 evaluated genotypes, seven were classified as stable and did not show better responses in favorable environments. That was the case for D 453, D 652, NAG 12 and Ju 93-1 which, despite being stable, had average yields lower than the general average. On the other hand, D 650, Ju 95-28 and Ju 95-5 were also stable, but had a better performance in good quality environments. Conversely, Ju 93-20 and TUC 510 had remarkably good average yields and showed adaptability, yet performing particularly well in favorable environments.

Keywords : interaction genotype x environment; stability; adaptability; black bean.

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